Reading a Text File Into a Variable
Table of Contents Hide
- Steps to Read Text File in Python
- Python open up() part
- Methods for Reading file contents
- Python close() function
- Examples for Reading a Text file in Python
- Instance 1 – Read the unabridged text file using the read() office
- Example 2 – Read the specific length of characters in a text file using the read() function
- Example 3 – Read a unmarried line in a file using the readline() function
- Example 4- Read text file line by line using the readline() office
- Example 5 – Read all the lines every bit a list in a file using the readlines() function
Python provides built-in functions to perform file operations, such as creating, reading, and writing files. There are mainly two types of files that Python can handle, normal text files and binary files. In this tutorial, we will take a look at how to read text files in Python.
Steps to Read Text File in Python
In Python, to read a text file, y'all need to follow the below steps.
Pace 1: The file needs to be opened for reading using the open() method and laissez passer a file path to the role.
Step 2: The side by side step is to read the file, and this tin be accomplished using several built-in methods such as read() , readline() , readlines() .
Step 3: Once the read operation is performed, the text file must be closed using the close() function.
Now that we have seen the steps to read the file content allow'due south empathize each of these methods before getting into examples.
Python open() function
The open() function opens the file if possible and returns the corresponding file object.
Syntax – open(file, mode='r', buffering=-ane, encoding=None, errors=None, newline=None, closefd=Truthful, opener=None)
The open up() function has a lot of parameters. Let's take a wait at the necessary params for reading the text file. It opens the file in a specified mode and returns a file object.
Parameters
- file – path similar object which represents the file path
- mode (Optional) – The
modeis an optional parameter. It's a string that specifies the way in which you desire to open the file.
| Mode | Description |
|---|---|
'r' | Open a file for read mode (default if mode is non specified) |
'w' | Open a file for writing. Python volition create a new file if does not be or truncates a file content if file exists |
'10' | Open a file for exclusive creation. |
'a' | Open a file for appending the text. Creates a new file if file does non exist. |
't' | Open up a file in text mode. (default) |
'b' | Open a file in binary manner. |
'+' | Open a file for updating (reading and writing) |
Example
file = open('C:\hello.txt','r') Methods for Reading file contents
In that location are three ways to read data from a text file.
-
read(): Theread()part returns the read bytes in the form of cord. This method is useful when you have a small file, and you want to read the specified bytes or entire file and store it into a string variable. -
readline(): Thereadline()part returns 1 line from a text file and retuns in the form of string. -
readlines(): Thereadlines()function reads all the lines from the text file and returns each line equally a string element in a listing.
Python close() function
The file volition remain open until y'all close the file using the close() part. It is a must and best practice to perform this operation afterwards reading the data from the file every bit it frees up the memory space acquired past that file. Otherwise, it may cause an unhandled exception.
Examples for Reading a Text file in Python
Example 1 – Read the entire text file using the read() function
In the below example, we are reading the unabridged text file using the read() method. The file tin be opened in the read mode or in a text fashion to read the information, and it tin can be stored in the string variable.
# Program to read the entire file using read() office file = open("python.txt", "r") content = file.read() print(content) file.shut() # Program to read the entire file (absolute path) using read() function file = open up("C:/Projects/Tryouts/python.txt", "r") content = file.read() print(content) file.close() Output
Beloved User, Welcome to Python Tutorial Have a great learning !!! Thanks Example ii – Read the specific length of characters in a text file using the read() role
There are times where you need to read the specific bytes in a file. In that case, yous tin employ the read() function by specifying the bytes. The method will output only the specified bytes of characters in a file, every bit shown beneath.
# Plan to read the specific length # of characters in a file using read() function file = open("python.txt", "r") content = file.read(twenty) impress(content) file.close() Output
Dear User, Welcome Example 3 – Read a single line in a file using the readline() function
If y'all want to read a single line in a file, then you could achieve this using readline() function. You as well use this method to recollect specific bytes of characters in a line, similar to the read() method.
# Plan to read unmarried line in a file using readline() part file = open("python.txt", "r") content = file.readline() impress(content) file.close() Output
Dear User, Example 4- Read text file line by line using the readline() function
If y'all want to traverse the file line by line and output in any format, so you could use the while loop with the readline() method as shown below. This is the most effective style to read the text file line past line in Python.
# Program to read all the lines in a file using readline() function file = open("python.txt", "r") while True: content=file.readline() if not content: suspension print(content) file.close() Output
Dear User, Welcome to Python Tutorial Have a dandy learning !!! Cheers Case 5 – Read all the lines as a listing in a file using the readlines() role
The readlines() method will read all the lines in the file and outputs in a list of strings, as shown beneath. Later you tin can employ the listing to traverse and extract the specified content from the list.
# Program to read all the lines as a list in a file # using readlines() function file = open up("python.txt", "r") content=file.readlines() print(content) file.shut() Output
['Dear User,\north', 'Welcome to Python Tutorial\n', 'Have a peachy learning !!!\northward', 'Cheers'] 
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Source: https://itsmycode.com/python-read-text-file/
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